1919 Protests & Revolutions Events — Verified Historical Highlights
1919 Protests & Revolutions Events — Verified Historical Highlights | TakeMeBack.to
- 05 Jan Spartacist Uprising in Berlin: On January 5, 1919, the Communist Party of Germany and the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany initiated a mass demonstration in Berlin, which escalated into an armed uprising against the government. The insurgents occupied key locations, including police stations and government buildings, leading to intense street fighting. The uprising was suppressed by government forces, resulting in the deaths of approximately 150–200 people, primarily insurgents. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 07 Jan Montenegrin Resistance Against Serbian Annexation: On January 7, 1919, the Christmas Uprising, also known as the Christmas Rebellion, reached its climax in Cetinje, Montenegro. The uprising was led by the Greens, who opposed the unification of Montenegro with Serbia, as decided by the Podgorica Assembly in November 1918. The Greens, led by Krsto Popović and Jovan Plamenac, initiated a siege on Cetinje, resulting in the deaths of several members of the Great National Assembly and other unionists. The uprising was suppressed by the Whites, who supported the union with Serbia, with assistance from the Serbian Army. The conflict led to the destruction of many homes and the displacement of participants, some of whom fled to Italy or retreated to the mountains, continuing guerrilla resistance until 1929. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 11 Jan Spartacus Uprising Suppressed: The Spartacus Uprising, a left-wing revolt in Berlin, Germany, was suppressed on January 11, 1919. The uprising, led by the Spartacus League, aimed to establish a socialist government but was quelled by the government forces, including the Freikorps, resulting in the deaths of many insurgents. source: historytoday.world
- 13 Jan Murder of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht: On January 13, 1919, German socialist leaders Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht were arrested and later executed by Freikorps soldiers during the suppression of the Spartacus Uprising in Berlin. source: rallypoint.com
- 15 Jan Murder of Luxemburg and Liebknecht: On January 15, 1919, Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, leaders of the Spartacus Uprising, were executed by Freikorps soldiers in Berlin, Germany. source: rallypoint.com
- 05 Feb Establishment of Donets Governorate: The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic formally establishes the Donets Governorate, reflecting the complex political reorganization occurring in the region following the Russian Revolution.
- 08 Feb Korean Students' Declaration of Independence: On February 8, 1919, approximately 600 Korean students studying in Tokyo gathered at the Korean YMCA auditorium to proclaim Korea's independence from Japanese colonial rule. This declaration, known as the February 8 Declaration of Independence, was a significant precursor to the March 1st Movement, which later galvanized nationwide protests for Korean independence. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 11 Apr Riots in Ahmedabad, British India: On April 11, 1919, Ahmedabad experienced significant riots. The unrest was triggered by the arrest of leaders Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal, leading to widespread protests and violence. The disturbances resulted in the burning of government buildings and the death of an Indian policeman. source: vdoc.pub
- 13 Apr Amritsar Massacre: On April 13, 1919, British and Gurkha troops opened fire on a large crowd of unarmed Indian protesters at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, Punjab, India. The massacre resulted in at least 379 deaths and many more injuries, leading to widespread outrage and a significant shift in India's struggle for independence. source: britannica.com
- 01 May May Day Riots in Cleveland: On May 1, 1919, violent demonstrations erupted in Cleveland, Ohio, during a May Day parade organized by Socialist leader Charles Ruthenberg. The unrest, involving socialists, communists, and the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), led to clashes with police and military troops, resulting in two fatalities, over forty injuries, and 116 arrests. source: case.edu
- 05 May Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic Established: The Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic was proclaimed in Simferopol, with Vladimir Lenin's brother Dmitry Ilyich Ulyanov serving as chairman. This event reflected the broader Soviet revolutionary movements transforming the former Russian Empire's territories.
- 05 Jun 1919 Anarchist Mail Bomb Campaign: In 1919, anarchists in the United States conducted a series of mail bombings targeting prominent government officials and business leaders. The campaign aimed to incite fear and protest against the U.S. government. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 07 Jun Sette Giugno: Nationalist riots break out in Valletta, the capital of Malta. British soldiers fire into the crowd, killing four people.: On June 7, 1919, nationalist riots broke out in Valletta, Malta, as citizens protested against economic conditions and political demands. British soldiers fired into the crowd, resulting in the deaths of four individuals: Manwel Attard, Karmenu Abela, Ġużè Bajada, and Wenzu Dyer. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 25 Jul Egyptian Revolution of 1919 Concludes: The Egyptian Revolution of 1919 concluded on July 25, 1919, after a series of protests and uprisings against British rule. This revolution was pivotal in the movement for Egyptian independence. source: britannica.com
- 06 Aug Hungarian right-wing counterrevolution: On August 6, 1919, a Hungarian right-wing counterrevolution occurred, leading to significant political changes in Hungary. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 10 Aug Poalei Zion Political Party Splits: On August 10, 1919, the Poalei Zion, a socialist Zionist political party, split into two factions. One faction advocated for a more moderate approach to Zionism, while the other supported a more radical and revolutionary path, reflecting the ideological divisions within the movement. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 15 Aug Silesian Uprising: German Border Guards Massacre Ethnic Poles: On August 15, 1919, German border guards (Grenzschutz) killed ten Silesian civilians during a labor dispute at the Mysłowice mine. This incident led to widespread protests and a general strike by approximately 140,000 Polish miners, culminating in the First Silesian Uprising against German control over Upper Silesia. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 16 Aug First Silesian Uprising Begins: On August 16, 1919, the Polish Military Organization of Upper Silesia initiated the First Silesian Uprising, aiming to transfer Upper Silesia from Germany to the newly established Polish Republic. The uprising involved clashes between Polish insurgents and German forces. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 26 Aug Silesian Uprising of 1919: The First Silesian Uprising began on August 17, 1919, and continued until August 24, 1919. It was an armed conflict between Polish insurgents and German forces in Upper Silesia, aiming to secure the region for Poland. Despite initial successes, the uprising was suppressed by German forces. source: walkaogranice.ipn.gov.pl
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