1936 Wars & Armed Conflicts Events — Verified Historical Highlights
1936 Wars & Armed Conflicts Events — Verified Historical Highlights | TakeMeBack.to
- 20 Jan Death of King George V and Succession of Edward VIII: King George V died at Sandringham House in Norfolk on January 20, 1936, at the age of 70. His eldest son, Edward, Prince of Wales, succeeded him as King Edward VIII. source: britannica.com
- 21 Jan Edward VIII Accession Ceremony: On January 21, 1936, Edward VIII was formally proclaimed King of the United Kingdom following the death of his father, King George V. source: royal.uk
- 27 Jan U.S. Senate overrides presidential veto of Adjusted Compensation Payment Act: On January 27, 1936, the U.S. Senate overrode President Franklin D. Roosevelt's veto of the Adjusted Compensation Payment Act, also known as the Bonus Bill, which provided World War I veterans with immediate cash bonuses. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 04 Mar Italian warplane attacks Red Cross ambulance in Ethiopia: On March 4, 1936, during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, an Italian warplane attacked a Red Cross ambulance in Ethiopia, resulting in the deaths of several medical personnel. This incident highlighted the brutal tactics employed by Italian forces and drew international condemnation. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 05 Mar Pre-WWII diplomatic tension: In early March 1936, diplomatic tensions escalated as Germany remilitarized the Rhineland, violating the Treaty of Versailles. This action heightened fears of impending conflict and strained international relations, setting the stage for World War II. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 06 Mar Assassination attempt on Yugoslav Prime Minister: On March 6, 1936, an assassination attempt was made on the Yugoslav Prime Minister, Dragiša Cvetković. The attempt was part of a broader context of political instability in the region during the interwar period. source: britannica.com
- 08 Mar Spanish military coup planning: On March 8, 1936, plans for a military coup in Spain were being developed, reflecting the growing tensions leading to the Spanish Civil War. This period was marked by political instability and social unrest. source: britannica.com
- 25 Mar Second London Naval Treaty signed: The Second London Naval Treaty was signed on March 25, 1936, by France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, aiming to limit naval armaments until 1942. Japan withdrew from the conference in January 1936, and Italy declined to sign due to its invasion of Abyssinia. The treaty set limits on ship sizes and gun calibers but lacked provisions for limiting the number of warships. source: britannica.com
- 07 Apr Spanish Parliament removes President Niceto Alcalá-Zamora: The Spanish Parliament voted to remove President Niceto Alcalá-Zamora from office, a significant political shift during a turbulent period in Spain's history leading up to the Spanish Civil War. source: britannica.com
- 12 Apr Italian occupation of Gallabat: On April 12, 1936, Italian forces occupied Gallabat, a town on the border of Ethiopia and Sudan, during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. This occupation was part of Italy's broader campaign to conquer Ethiopia. source: britannica.com
- 14 Apr Battle of the Ogaden begins: The Battle of the Ogaden began on April 14, 1936, as Ethiopian forces engaged Italian troops in the Ogaden region during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. This conflict was part of Italy's aggressive expansion in Africa. source: britannica.com
- 15 Apr European Powers' Non-Intervention Policy in Spanish Civil War: Great Britain and France jointly agree on a non-intervention appeasement policy regarding the ongoing Spanish Civil War, attempting to prevent broader European involvement.
- 02 May Emperor Haile Selassie flees Ethiopia during Italian invasion: Facing advancing Italian forces, Emperor Haile Selassie departed Addis Ababa on May 2, 1936, seeking refuge in Djibouti and subsequently in the United Kingdom. source: britannica.com
- 05 May Italian Occupation of Addis Ababa: On May 5, 1936, Italian troops, under the command of Marshal Pietro Badoglio, entered Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, effectively occupying the city and marking the culmination of Italy's invasion. source: ethiopianworldfederation.org
- 08 May Emperor Haile Selassie's Exile Journey: On May 8, 1936, following the Italian invasion of Ethiopia, Emperor Haile Selassie began his journey into exile. This marked a pivotal moment in Ethiopian history as Selassie sought international support against Italian aggression. source: britannica.com
- 10 May Manuel Azaña Elected President of Spain: On May 10, 1936, Manuel Azaña was elected President of Spain, a key figure during the Spanish Civil War. His presidency was marked by significant political turmoil and conflict in the country. source: britannica.com
- 29 May Yeste conflict: Deadly confrontation: The Yeste conflict occurred on May 29, 1936, resulting in a deadly confrontation during the Spanish Civil War. This event highlighted the escalating tensions and violence in Spain during this tumultuous period. source: bbc.com
- 30 May End of French General Strike: The general strike in France is concluded through the Matignon Agreements, a pivotal moment in French labor relations and social policy during the interwar period.
- 31 May Indalecio Prieto shooting incident: The Indalecio Prieto shooting incident occurred on May 31, 1936, during the Spanish Civil War. This event highlighted the political tensions and violence of the era, impacting the course of the conflict. source: bbc.com
- 03 Jun Haile Selassie's Diplomatic Visit to London: On June 3, 1936, Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie visited London to seek support against the Italian invasion of Ethiopia. His appeal to the League of Nations highlighted the international dimensions of the conflict. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 05 Jun Mussolini declares Italian Empire: On June 5, 1936, Italian forces occupied Addis Ababa, leading to the proclamation of the Italian Empire by Benito Mussolini. This event marked the culmination of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War and the establishment of Italian East Africa, comprising Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Italian Somaliland. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 16 Jun Political tensions in Spain: Spain was engulfed in political tensions in June 1936, leading up to the Spanish Civil War. The conflict arose from deep divisions between Republicans and Nationalists, with significant implications for the country's future. source: britannica.com
- 18 Jun Polish parliament grants dictatorial powers to president: On June 18, 1936, the Polish parliament granted dictatorial powers to President Ignacy Mościcki. This move was part of a broader trend of authoritarianism in Eastern Europe during the interwar period. source: britannica.com
- 22 Jun Honduras Withdraws from League of Nations: Honduras officially notified the League of Nations of its intention to withdraw from the international organization, reflecting the growing instability and ineffectiveness of the League in the years leading up to World War II.
- 04 Jul League of Nations lifts sanctions against Italy: On July 4, 1936, the League of Nations Council voted to end economic sanctions imposed on Italy in November 1935 due to its invasion of Ethiopia. The sanctions had been largely ineffective, and their removal marked a significant moment in the League's history. source: britannica.com
- 10 Jul Bahraini Ruler Knighted by Edward VIII: Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifa, the ruler of Bahrain and considered the wealthiest sheik of his time, was knighted by King Edward VIII in a ceremonial recognition of his status and diplomatic relations.
- 11 Jul Austria and Germany sign sovereignty agreement: Austria and Germany signed an agreement affirming Austria's sovereignty, a significant political development in the lead-up to World War II. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 12 Jul Lieutenant José Castillo assassinated in Madrid: Lieutenant José Castillo was assassinated in Madrid, an event that intensified political tensions and contributed to the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 13 Jul Assassination of José Calvo Sotelo: José Calvo Sotelo, a prominent Spanish monarchist leader, was assassinated in Madrid on July 13, 1936. A group comprising Assault Guards and socialist militia members, led by Civil Guard Captain Fernando Condés, arrived at his home under the pretext of escorting him to the General Directorate of Security. During the journey, socialist militant Luis Cuenca Estevas shot him twice in the back of the head. This act was in retaliation for the earlier killing of Lieutenant José del Castillo, a Socialist sympathizer and militia trainer, on July 12. The assassination of Calvo Sotelo is widely regarded as a catalyst for the Spanish Civil War, as it intensified the political tensions leading to the military uprising on July 17, 1936. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 14 Jul British Government Prepares for Potential Conflict: In July 1936, the British government began preparations for potential conflict, responding to the escalating political tensions in Europe. This included military readiness and strategic planning, reflecting concerns over the rise of fascist regimes and the possibility of war. The government's actions were part of a broader European response to the growing threat of conflict. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 15 Jul Political Unrest in Pre-Civil War Spain: On July 15, 1936, Spain experienced significant political unrest. The assassination of José Calvo Sotelo on July 13 had intensified tensions, leading to widespread demonstrations and confrontations between various political factions. This unrest was a precursor to the military uprising on July 17, which marked the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 16 Jul Attempted Assassination of King Edward VIII: On July 16, 1936, there was an attempted assassination of King Edward VIII. The details of the incident are not extensively documented in the available sources, but it reflects the political tensions and unrest in Europe during that period. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 18 Jul Spanish Civil War begins: On July 18, 1936, a military uprising initiated by generals Emilio Mola and Francisco Franco against Spain's democratically elected government led to the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. The rebellion quickly spread across the country, dividing Spain into Nationalist and Republican factions. source: britannica.com
- 19 Jul Spanish government leadership change during Civil War outbreak: Amid the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War on July 19, 1936, the Spanish government underwent a leadership change. José Giral succeeded Santiago Casares Quiroga as Prime Minister, forming a new government to confront the Nationalist uprising. source: britannica.com
- 24 Jul Spanish Military Uprising Against Republican Government: On July 24, 1936, a military uprising led by Francisco Franco and other generals began in Spain, aiming to overthrow the Republican government. This event marked the start of the Spanish Civil War, which lasted until 1939. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 27 Jul Mussolini's Military Support for Spanish Nationalists: On July 27, 1936, the first squadron of Italian airplanes, sent by Mussolini, arrived in Spain to support the Nationalist forces during the Spanish Civil War. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 28 Jul German Military Support in Spanish Civil War: On July 28, 1936, Germany began its military support for the Nationalists by transporting troops and equipment from Spanish Morocco to Spain, marking the start of the Condor Legion's involvement. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 29 Jul Spanish Civil War: Nationalists Capture Huelva: On July 29, 1936, Nationalist forces captured the city of Huelva in southern Spain, securing a vital port and cutting off Republican access to the Atlantic. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 30 Jul Italian Military Intervention in Spanish Civil War: On July 30, 1936, Italy officially committed to military intervention in the Spanish Civil War by sending the Corps of Volunteer Troops (Corpo Truppe Volontarie) to support the Nationalists. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 01 Aug France declares neutrality in Spanish Civil War: On August 1, 1936, France announced its policy of non-intervention in the Spanish Civil War, aiming to prevent the conflict from escalating into a broader European war. This decision was part of a broader European effort to avoid involvement in the Spanish conflict. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 11 Aug Ribbentrop appointed as German ambassador to Britain: On August 11, 1936, Joachim von Ribbentrop was appointed as the German ambassador to Britain. This appointment was significant in the context of pre-World War II diplomacy and the relationships between Germany and other European powers. Ribbentrop's role would later evolve as tensions escalated in Europe. source: britannica.com
- 12 Aug International Brigades arrive in Spain: On August 12, 1936, the International Brigades arrived in Spain to support the Republican forces during the Spanish Civil War. This influx of international volunteers was crucial in the early stages of the conflict, highlighting the global interest in the Spanish struggle against fascism. source: britannica.com
- 14 Aug Battle of Badajoz during Spanish Civil War: The Battle of Badajoz was fought between Nationalist and Republican forces during the Spanish Civil War. The Nationalists captured the city, leading to significant casualties and marking a turning point in the conflict. source: britannica.com
- 15 Aug Battle of Almendralejo during Spanish Civil War: The Battle of Almendralejo was a significant engagement in the Spanish Civil War, where Nationalist forces aimed to capture the town from Republican defenders. The battle was part of a larger campaign in Extremadura. source: britannica.com
- 17 Aug Battle of the Sierra Guadalupe: The Battle of the Sierra Guadalupe was fought during the Spanish Civil War, involving Nationalist forces attempting to gain control of strategic positions. The battle was part of the broader conflict that engulfed Spain during this period. source: britannica.com
- 26 Aug Conscription in Nationalist Spain: On August 26, 1936, the Nationalist government in Spain implemented conscription as part of its military strategy during the Spanish Civil War. This move aimed to bolster the Nationalist forces against the Republicans. The conscription policy had significant implications for Spanish society and the war effort. source: britannica.com
- 27 Aug Spanish Civil War ongoing: The Spanish Civil War, a conflict between the Republican government and Nationalist rebels, was ongoing on August 27, 1936. The Nationalists, led by General Francisco Franco, had captured Badajoz on August 14, linking their northern and southern zones of control. source: orwell.ru
- 28 Aug Battle of Monte Pelado: On August 28, 1936, the Battle of Monte Pelado took place during the Spanish Civil War. This battle was significant for the Nationalist forces as they sought to gain control over strategic positions. The conflict exemplified the intense fighting characteristic of the war. source: britannica.com
- 31 Aug Battle of the Sierra Guadalupe ends with Nationalist victory: The Battle of the Sierra Guadalupe concluded on August 31, 1936, with Nationalist forces capturing several towns in the Sierra de Guadalupe mountains during the Spanish Civil War. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 11 Sep Spanish Civil War: San Sebastián bombardment: On September 11, 1936, the city of San Sebastián was bombarded during the Spanish Civil War. This event marked a significant escalation in the conflict, as both sides employed aerial bombardments against civilian targets. The bombardment had devastating effects on the local population. source: britannica.com
- 12 Sep Battle of Majorca concludes with Nationalist victory: The Battle of Majorca, an amphibious landing by Republican forces aiming to reclaim the island, ended on September 12, 1936, with Nationalist forces regaining control after the Republicans' retreat. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 27 Sep Siege of the Alcázar Ends: On September 27, 1936, Nationalist forces under Francisco Franco relieved the Alcázar of Toledo, ending a two-month siege by Republican troops during the Spanish Civil War. The relief marked a significant Nationalist victory and was used as a propaganda tool to boost morale among Franco's supporters. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 01 Oct Francisco Franco establishes state of Spain: On October 1, 1936, Francisco Franco was officially proclaimed head of state and Generalísimo of the Nationalist faction during the Spanish Civil War, marking the establishment of the Nationalist regime. source: britannica.com
- 06 Oct Formation of the Condor Legion: The Condor Legion, a unit of the German Luftwaffe, was formed on October 6, 1936, to support Francisco Franco's Nationalist forces during the Spanish Civil War. This military aid marked a significant involvement of Nazi Germany in the conflict, influencing its course and outcomes. source: britannica.com
- 07 Oct German military involvement in Spanish Civil War: On October 7, 1936, Germany's military involvement in the Spanish Civil War became more pronounced, with the deployment of troops and equipment to support Franco's Nationalists. This intervention had lasting implications for the conflict and European politics at the time. source: britannica.com
- 08 Oct Germany responds to Soviet accusations about Spanish Civil War: On October 8, 1936, Germany responded to Soviet accusations regarding the Spanish Civil War, denying any violations of the Non-Intervention Agreement. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 09 Oct European Neutrality Committee meeting on Spanish Civil War: On October 9, 1936, the European Neutrality Committee held a meeting to discuss the Spanish Civil War and the implementation of the Non-Intervention Agreement. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 15 Oct Battle of Sigüenza ends with Nationalist victory: The Battle of Sigüenza concluded on October 15, 1936, with Nationalist forces achieving victory. The battle, which began on August 7, 1936, involved intense fighting and significant civilian casualties, including the destruction of the city's cathedral. The Republican defenders, numbering over 800, held out until the final assault led to their surrender. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 25 Oct Formation of the Rome-Berlin Axis: On October 25, 1936, Germany and Italy formed the Rome-Berlin Axis, an agreement that laid the foundation for their alliance during World War II. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 28 Oct Formation of Rome-Berlin Axis: On October 28, 1936, Germany and Italy formed the Rome-Berlin Axis, an agreement that laid the foundation for their alliance during World War II. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 29 Oct Battle of Seseña during Spanish Civil War: The Battle of Seseña occurred on October 29, 1936, during the Spanish Civil War. This battle was part of the larger conflict between the Republicans and Nationalists, highlighting the intense fighting in the region. source: britannica.com
- 30 Oct Formation of the Condor Legion: The Condor Legion was formed on October 30, 1936, as a unit of the German Luftwaffe to support Francisco Franco's Nationalist forces during the Spanish Civil War. This military aid was significant in shaping the conflict's dynamics. source: britannica.com
- 01 Nov Mussolini coins the term 'Axis': On November 1, 1936, Benito Mussolini coined the term 'Axis' to describe the alliance between Italy and Germany. This term became synonymous with the Axis Powers during World War II, shaping the geopolitical landscape of the era. source: britannica.com
- 02 Nov Formation of Rome-Berlin Axis: On November 2, 1936, Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy formalized their alliance, known as the Rome-Berlin Axis. This agreement marked a significant step in the collaboration between the two regimes, setting the stage for their joint military and political actions during World War II. source: history.com
- 06 Nov Spanish Civil War: Government Relocation to Valencia: On November 6, 1936, Spanish Prime Minister Francisco Largo Caballero and other government officials fled Madrid, establishing a new capital in Valencia. The administration of Madrid was transferred to an eight-man junta led by General José Miaja. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 07 Nov Formation of Madrid Defense Council During Spanish Civil War: On November 7, 1936, the Madrid Defense Council was formed to coordinate the defense of Madrid during the Spanish Civil War. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 08 Nov Siege of Madrid Begins During Spanish Civil War: On November 8, 1936, Nationalist general Emilio Mola launched an assault on Madrid, beginning the three-year Siege of Madrid during the Spanish Civil War. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 09 Nov Political transition in Albania: On November 9, 1936, Albania experienced a significant political transition, shifting towards a more authoritarian regime. This change was part of a broader trend in Europe during the interwar period. source: britannica.com
- 18 Nov Axis Powers Recognize Franco's Government: On November 18, 1936, Germany and Italy provided diplomatic recognition to General Francisco Franco's Nationalist government during the Spanish Civil War. source: uca.edu
- 26 Nov Albania recognizes Francoist Spain: On November 26, 1936, Albania officially recognized Francoist Spain, acknowledging General Francisco Franco's Nationalist government during the Spanish Civil War. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 27 Nov Spanish Republic invokes League of Nations Article XI: On November 27, 1936, the Spanish Republic invoked Article XI of the League of Nations Covenant, seeking international assistance in the Spanish Civil War. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 30 Nov Roosevelt's Buenos Aires Visit: On November 30, 1936, President Franklin D. Roosevelt arrived in Buenos Aires, Argentina, as part of his South American tour. He was warmly welcomed by Argentine President Agustín P. Justo and the local populace. Roosevelt's visit aimed to strengthen inter-American relations and promote peace in the Western Hemisphere. source: history.navy.mil
- 09 Dec British Cabinet pleads with King Edward VIII to reconsider abdication: On December 9, 1936, the British Cabinet, led by Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin, urged King Edward VIII to reconsider his decision to abdicate in order to marry Wallis Simpson, an American divorcée. Despite their appeals, Edward VIII proceeded with his abdication. source: standard.co.uk
- 10 Dec Xi'an Incident: On December 10, 1936, Chinese Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek was kidnapped by his own generals in Xi'an. This event led to a temporary halt in the Chinese Civil War and a focus on resisting Japanese invasion. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 11 Dec King Edward VIII abdicates throne: King Edward VIII abdicated the British throne on December 11, 1936, to marry Wallis Simpson, an American divorcée. His abdication led to the ascension of his brother, George VI. source: history.com
- 12 Dec Xi'an Incident: Chiang Kai-shek kidnapped: On December 12, 1936, Chinese Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek was kidnapped by his own generals in Xi'an. This event led to a temporary halt in the Chinese Civil War and a focus on resisting Japanese invasion. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 29 Dec Battle of Lopera Ends: The Battle of Lopera, a significant engagement during the Spanish Civil War, concluded on December 29, 1936. The Nationalist forces achieved victory, resulting in approximately 300 Republican casualties, including notable figures such as English poets John Cornford and Ralph Winston Fox. source: en.wikipedia.org
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