1933 Economy & Business Events — Verified Historical Highlights
1933 Economy & Business Events — Verified Historical Highlights | TakeMeBack.to
- 01 Mar US bank holiday crisis of 1933: On March 1, 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt declared a nationwide bank holiday to prevent a banking collapse during the Great Depression. This emergency measure temporarily closed all banks, allowing the government to stabilize the financial system and restore public confidence in the banking sector. source: britannica.com
- 04 Mar Franklin D. Roosevelt outlines New Deal in inaugural address: In his inaugural address on March 4, 1933, Franklin D. Roosevelt introduced the New Deal, a series of programs aimed at addressing the Great Depression. His speech emphasized the need for government intervention to restore economic stability and public confidence. source: britannica.com
- 05 Mar Launch of the New Deal: The New Deal, a series of programs and reforms aimed at combating the Great Depression, was officially launched on March 5, 1933. This initiative marked a pivotal moment in U.S. history, as it sought to provide relief, recovery, and reform to the struggling economy. source: britannica.com
- 06 Mar FDR declares nationwide bank holiday: On March 6, 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt declared a nationwide bank holiday to prevent bank runs and stabilize the financial system. This action was part of his broader strategy to restore public confidence in the banking sector during the Great Depression. source: britannica.com
- 12 Mar Significant stock market rally during Great Depression: On March 12, 1933, the stock market experienced a significant rally, marking a turning point during the Great Depression. This rally was fueled by public confidence following President Franklin D. Roosevelt's actions to stabilize the banking system. source: history.com
- 13 Mar Great Depression: bank holiday ends: The bank holiday declared by President Roosevelt ended on March 13, 1933, allowing banks to reopen under new regulations. This was a critical step in restoring confidence in the American banking system during the Great Depression. source: archives.gov
- 14 Mar American bank holiday concludes: The American bank holiday, initiated by President Roosevelt, concluded on March 14, 1933. This marked a significant moment in the recovery efforts during the Great Depression, as banks began to reopen with new regulations. source: archives.gov
- 15 Mar Dow Jones Industrial Average record gain: On March 15, 1933, the Dow Jones Industrial Average recorded a significant gain, reflecting renewed investor confidence following the banking reforms and Roosevelt's policies. This marked a pivotal moment in the stock market's recovery during the Great Depression. source: history.com
- 16 Mar Hitler appoints Hjalmar Schacht to Reichsbank presidency: On March 16, 1933, Adolf Hitler appointed Hjalmar Schacht as President of the Reichsbank, Germany's central bank. Schacht, a prominent economist, had previously served as Reichsbank president from 1923 to 1930 and was reappointed to stabilize Germany's economy during the early years of Nazi rule. source: britannica.com
- 17 Mar Hitler appoints Hjalmar Schacht as economic adviser: On March 17, 1933, Adolf Hitler appointed Hjalmar Schacht as his economic adviser. Schacht, a renowned economist, had previously served as President of the Reichsbank and was reappointed to stabilize Germany's economy during the early years of Nazi rule. source: britannica.com
- 22 Mar Cullen-Harrison Act signed: The Cullen-Harrison Act was signed into law on March 22, 1933, allowing the sale of beer and wine in the United States. This act marked a significant step towards the end of Prohibition and the regulation of alcoholic beverages. source: history.com
- 27 Mar Farm Credit Administration established: The Farm Credit Administration (FCA) was established to provide credit and financial services to farmers and rural communities. It aimed to stabilize the agricultural economy during the Great Depression by offering loans and support to farmers. source: fca.gov
- 31 Mar US Congress establishes Civilian Conservation Corps: On March 31, 1933, the U.S. Congress established the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) as part of the New Deal. The CCC aimed to provide jobs for young men during the Great Depression while also addressing environmental conservation. This program played a crucial role in developing national parks and improving public lands. source: archives.gov
- 04 Apr Roosevelt's gold ownership ban: On April 4, 1933, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed an executive order that required all individuals to exchange their gold coins, gold bullion, and gold certificates for U.S. dollars. This measure aimed to combat the Great Depression by increasing the money supply and was a significant step in the abandonment of the gold standard. source: federalreservehistory.org
- 05 Apr Gold confiscation executive order: On April 5, 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed an executive order requiring all individuals to surrender their gold coins, gold bullion, and gold certificates to the Federal Reserve. This action aimed to combat the Great Depression by increasing the money supply and was a significant step in the United States' departure from the gold standard. source: federalreservehistory.org
- 07 Apr Beer Prohibition Partially Repealed in the United States: On April 7, 1933, the Cullen-Harrison Act took effect, legalizing the sale of beer and light wines with up to 3.2% alcohol by weight in the United States. This legislation marked a significant step toward ending Prohibition, which had been in effect since 1920. The act was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 22, 1933. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 21 Apr John Lewis Partnership Expansion: The Jessop & Son department store in Nottingham, England is acquired by John Lewis Partnership, marking their first store outside of London.
- 25 Apr United States and Canada abandon gold standard: On April 25, 1933, the United States and Canada officially abandoned the gold standard, allowing their currencies to be issued without direct conversion to gold. This move aimed to combat the economic challenges of the Great Depression. source: jewishvirtuallibrary.org
- 30 Apr First Internal Air Service to Scotland: On April 30, 1933, the first internal air service within Scotland commenced between Renfrew and Campbeltown, operated by Midland & Scottish Air Ferries Ltd. Winifred Drinkwater, recognized as the world's first female commercial pilot, was hired to fly the route. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 18 May Tennessee Valley Authority established: On May 18, 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Tennessee Valley Authority Act, creating the TVA as a federal corporation. The TVA was tasked with addressing issues such as flooding, providing electricity, and replanting forests in the Tennessee Valley region. source: archives.gov
- 27 May Federal Securities Act Signed: On May 27, 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Securities Act of 1933 into law, aiming to provide full and fair disclosure of securities sold in interstate and foreign commerce and to prevent fraud in their sale. source: sec.gov
- 05 Jun United States abandons gold standard: On June 5, 1933, the United States officially abandoned the gold standard, allowing the dollar to float freely and enabling the government to print more money to combat the Great Depression. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 12 Jun World Economic Conference opens in London with 66 nations: The London Economic Conference, also known as the World Economic Conference, began on June 12, 1933, at the Geological Museum in London. Representatives from 66 nations convened to discuss measures to combat the Great Depression, revive international trade, and stabilize currency exchange rates. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 16 Jun National Industrial Recovery Act passed: The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) was enacted on June 16, 1933, as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal to combat the Great Depression. The act authorized the president to regulate industry for fair wages and prices, aiming to stimulate economic recovery. It also established the National Recovery Administration (NRA) to oversee compliance with the act's provisions. source: britannica.com
- 29 Jun First electronic pari-mutuel betting machine installed at Arlington Park: On June 26, 1933, American Totalisator unveiled its first tote board, the electronic pari-mutuel betting machine, at the Arlington Park race track near Chicago. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 21 Jul Opening of Haifa Harbor in British Mandate Palestine: On July 21, 1933, Haifa Harbor in British Mandate Palestine was officially opened, marking a significant development in the region's maritime infrastructure. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 08 Aug First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Miami Chartered: On August 8, 1933, the First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Miami was established, becoming the first savings and loan association in the United States under the 1932 Federal Home Loan Bank Act. Founded by Dr. William Homer Walker, the institution later renamed itself AmeriFirst. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 25 Aug Air France inaugurates operations: Air France commenced its inaugural operations on August 25, 1933, marking the beginning of its services in the aviation industry. The airline was established to provide domestic and international flights, contributing to the development of air travel in France. source: en.wikipedia.org
- 28 Aug Roosevelt's Executive Order on gold ownership: On August 28, 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order requiring U.S. citizens to surrender their gold coins, gold bullion, and gold certificates to the Federal Reserve, aiming to stabilize the economy during the Great Depression. source: archives.gov
- 29 Aug U.S. government regulates gold production: On August 29, 1933, the U.S. government implemented regulations to control gold production, including the establishment of the Gold Reserve Act, which centralized gold reserves and restricted private gold ownership. source: federalreservehistory.org
- 30 Aug Formation of Air France: On August 30, 1933, Air France was established through the merger of several French airlines, aiming to create a unified national carrier to compete internationally. source: airfrancegroup.com
- 02 Sep U.S. Government Regulates Oil Production Under NIRA: On September 2, 1933, the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) established the NRA Oil Code, which closely regulated all phases of the oil business, including setting monthly quotas for each state to stabilize the industry. source: masterresource.org
- 18 Sep Tennessee Valley Authority established: The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was established on September 18, 1933, as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley.
- 29 Nov Pennsylvania authorizes state liquor stores: On November 29, 1933, Pennsylvania established the Liquor Control Board, authorizing state-operated stores for the sale of alcoholic beverages, marking the end of Prohibition in the state. source: pa.gov
- 29 Dec First Krispy Kreme Store Opens: The first Krispy Kreme doughnut store opens in Nashville, Tennessee, marking the beginning of what would become a major American food franchise.
What happened in 1933?
Discover what the world looked like in 1933: